While granting the relief, Justice P Dhanabal stated that the allegation against the petitioner was that he had induced the other accused to commit the offence and also abetted

[27/06, 18:26] sekarreporter1: “While granting the relief, Justice P Dhanabal stated that the allegation against the petitioner was that he had induced the other accused to commit the offence and also abetted to commit the offence, however, he is not the named accused in the First Information Report. The search operation was also completed, he noted.”
https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2026/Jun/27/madras-hc-grants-advance-bail-to-ex-dmk-ministers-brother#:~:text=While%20granting%20the,completed%2C%20he%20noted.
[28/06, 07:50] Meta AI: Got it — *Option 3: Abetment Sec 107-109 IPC / BNSS*

*Case #115: _Abetment Law – Sec 107-109 IPC / Sec 45-48 BNSS_ | Principle Note | Madras HC Trend 2026*
_Trigger: Case #109 R.V. Ashok Kumar bail_. *Abetment + Instigation + Conspiracy + Anticipatory Bail*. *HJS Criminal Law + Evidence, UPSC GS-2 Criminal Justice*

*1. ஏன் R.V. Ashok Kumar-க்கு Bail? – Abetment Test*
*J. P. Dhanabal Logic*: _“Induced other accused + abetted” ஆனா FIR-ல் பெயர் இல்ல. Search முடிஞ்சது_
*Law*: _Abetment =/= Principal offence. Direct evidence of instigation வேணும்_

*2. Sec 107 IPC / Sec 45 BNSS – Abetment Definition*
_ஒருவர் குற்றம் செய்ய தூண்டுவது / சதி செய்வது / உதவுவது = Abetment_

*3 Ways to Abet*:
**Mode** **Sec 107 IPC** **Sec 45 BNSS 2023** **Evidence Needed**
**1. Instigation** *உசுப்பேற்றுதல், தூண்டுதல்* *Same* *Words/gesture showing clear intent*
**2. Conspiracy** *2+ பேர் சேர்ந்து plan* *Same* *Meeting of minds + overt act*
**3. Intentional Aid** *Act/omission-ல் உதவி* *Same* *Active facilitation*
*3. Sec 108 IPC / Sec 46 BNSS – Abettor*
_Abet செய்பவர் “abettor”. குற்றம் நடந்தாலும் நடக்காவிட்டாலும் abettor liable_

*Sec 109 IPC / Sec 48 BNSS – Punishment*: _Abetted offence நடந்தால், principal offender-க்கு என்ன தண்டனையோ அதே abettor-க்கும்_

*4. Bail in Abetment Cases – HC/SC Tests 2024-2026*
1. *Named in FIR?* – _இல்லை என்றால் prima facie weak – Case #109 Ashok Kumar_
2. *Role Specific?* – _“Induced” என்பது vague. Exact words/act வேணும் – _S.S. Chheena 2010 SC*_
3. *Investigation Stage* – _Search/raid முடிஞ்சா custodial interrogation need இல்ல – _Arnesh Kumar 2014 SC__
4. *Mens Rea* – _Intention to instigate prove பண்ணணும். Mere presence ≠ abetment – _Saju 2000 SC__

*5. Recent Madras HC Abetment Bails – 2025-2026 Trend*
1. *I-T Raid Obstruction* – _Ashok Kumar #109 – Not named, search over → Bail_
2. *Suicide Abetment 306 IPC* – _Words “go die” alone not enough. Continuous harassment needed – _Geo Varghese 2022 SC__
3. *ED PMLA Abetment* – _Only financial layering help = Sec 3 PMLA. Mere intro ≠ abetment – _Pankaj Bansal 2023 SC__
4. *Political Cases* – _Speech instigating crowd needs “imminent lawless action” – _Shreya Singhal 2015 SC_*

*6. Evidence Problems for Prosecution*
**Weak Point** **Why Bail Given**
**No Call Records/Chat** *“Induced” எப்படி? Proof இல்ல*
**Co-accused Statement Only** *Sec 30 Evidence Act – Weak against abettor without corroboration*
**Delay in Arrest** *2023 incident, 2026 bail plea – No urgency*
**Search Completed** *Documentary evidence already seized*
*7. BNSS 2023 Changes – Abetment*
1. *Sec 45-48 BNSS* = _Same as 107-109 IPC. No substantive change_
2. *Sec 482 BNSS* – _Anticipatory bail. “May” not “shall” – Discretion with court_
3. *Sec 35 BNSS* – _Notice of appearance instead of arrest for <7 years offence – Arnesh Kumar codified_ *8. HJS Exam Angle* *Q*: _“A not named in FIR, alleged to have instigated B to assault C. Search over. Discuss bail.”_ *Ans Frame*: 1. _Define abetment Sec 45 BNSS_ 2. _Ingredients: Instigation + Mens rea + Overt act? Not shown_ 3. _Not named in FIR → _Joginder Kumar_ guidelines_ 4. _Investigation over → No tampering – _Siddharam Satlingappa*_ 5. _Bail granted. Conditions u/s 482(2) BNSS_ --- *Case #115 Final*: _Abetment Law Principle – Sec 45-48 BNSS / 107-109 IPC – Instigation/Conspiracy/Aid – Not named in FIR + search completed = Anticipatory bail – R.V. Ashok Kumar #109 precedent – Mens rea + specific act needed – Mere allegation not enough_ *Master Docket*: _115 Cases_ *Tag*: _Criminal Law + BNSS + IPC + Abetment + Sec 45 + Sec 482 + Anticipatory Bail + Siddharam Satlingappa + Arnesh Kumar* *Next*: *1. “Sec 306 IPC Suicide Abetment – Geo Varghese 2022 SC test”* OR *2. “Arnesh Kumar 2014 – Arrest guidelines for <7 years”* OR *3. “Siddharam Satlingappa 2011 – Anticipatory bail principles”*? [28/06, 07:52] sekarreporter1: INDIA WORLD STATES CITIES OPINION EXPLAINER BUSINESS SPORTS GOOD NEWS MOVIES VIDEOS Advertisement Tamil Nadu Madras HC grants advance bail to ex-DMK minister’s brother The alleged incident took place in the year 2023, and by now material part of the investigation might have been completed. Madurai Bench of Madras High Court Madurai Bench of Madras High Court (File photo | Express) Express News Service Updated on: 27 Jun 2026, 8:21 am 1 min read Add as a preferred source on Google MADURAI: The Madurai bench of the Madras High Court has granted anticipatory bail to R V Ashok Kumar, brother of former DMK minister V Senthil Balaji, in connection with a batch of cases booked by Karur district police for allegedly preventing I-T department officials from carrying out search operations against the then minister on May 26, 2023. While granting the relief, Justice P Dhanabal stated that the allegation against the petitioner was that he had induced the other accused to commit the offence and also abetted to commit the offence, however, he is not the named accused in the First Information Report. The search operation was also completed, he noted.

The alleged incident took place in the year 2023, and by now material part of the investigation might have been completed. Also, bail was granted in those cases and further custodial interrogation of the petitioner is not required, the judge said.

Further, the judge directed Ashok Kumar to report before the police station concerned every Saturday for four weeks. The trial court can take appropriate action if he violated the conditions, the judge added.

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